Things People Should Know About Parotidectomy

A parotidectomy is the surgical removal of the parotid gland, which is the largest and most important of the salivary glands. Neoplasms (tumors), which are quickly and improperly dividing cells, are the most common reason for the operation. Neoplasms can be benign (noncancerous) or cancerous.

Components of parotidectomy:

• The most typical appearances recorded in the medical literature are painless, noticeable growths.

• Benign parotid gland neoplasms usually appear after the age of 40 and affect both men and women equally.

• Women above the age of 60 are more likely to develop malignant growths.

• Pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin's tumor are the most prevalent benign parotid neoplasms.

• Mucoepidermoid carcinomas are the most common type of malignant parotid neoplasm.

• Unlike other cancers, salivary gland cancers are thought to be unaffected by smoking and drinking.

Types of parotidectomy :

In parotidectomies, there are just two major distinctions to be made.

• The nerve  that will be dissected or will not be dissected

• The amount of gland that has been removed

It's worth noting that the specific parotid tumor surgery chosen is predicated on preserving the facial nerve to avoid substantial morbidities (diseases). Furthermore, there are still numerous questions about which procedure to choose and the likelihood of cancer recurrence. 

The following are the numerous and most common procedures used in a parotidectomy:

• Extracapsular dissection is the surgical removal of a parotid tumor surrounded by a few millimeters of healthy tissue without seeking or exposing the facial nerve's main route.

• Parotidectomy, either superficial (on the surface) or lateral (on the side) entails removing all parts of the gland that are superficial or lateral to the facial nerve.

• partial superficial parotidectomy – a superficial parotidectomy in which just the gland surrounding the tumor is removed. During this treatment, only a few facial nerves are dissected.

• formal superficial parotidectomy – a superficial parotidectomy involving the dissection of the cervicofacial and temporofacial nerves.

• The deep section of the parotid gland is completely removed in a total parotidectomy. If the tumor affects the deep region of the parotid gland, this procedure is usually performed.

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