Things to Know About Lung Cancer Neoplasms

Pulmonary tumours can be benign or malignant, as well as primary or secondary. The number of malignant tumours vastly outnumbers the number of benign tumours.

Benign Tumors: Hamartoma, chondroma of the bronchi, bronchial adenoma, fibroma, neurofibroma, myxoma, and lipoma are examples of benign lesions. Rarely, sclerosing angiomas, lymphocytes, histiocytomas, and endometriosis are found. Primary lymphomas may originate in the lungs. Later on, more sites are also involved. Hematomas are tumours that contain normal elements of the lungs but are disordered.

Bronchial adenoma: These make up 1-6% of all pulmonary neoplasms. Females are more afflicted than males, and the age range is younger than for bronchogenic cancer. Bronchial adenomas and multiple endocrine neoplasias have been linked. The tumours can be carcinoids, cylindroma, mucoepidermoid tumor, or mixed tumours that look like mixed parotid tumours. Adenomas can develop in the bigger bronchi. They can be asymptomatic or cause symptoms including coughing, hemoptysis, bronchial blockage, and recurrent pneumonia. In some circumstances, hemoptysis can be severe and intractable.

Hormone-producing tumours can cause Cushing's syndrome, acromegaly, or carcinoid syndrome. Any healthy young person appearing with recurring and massive hemoptysis should be suspected of having this condition.

Primary carcinomas of the lungs are rather frequent around the world. The two most common kinds are bronchus carcinoma and alveolar cell carcinoma (bronchiolar carcinoma, pulmonary adenomatosis). The lungs are frequently the site of secondary deposits from malignant tumours that have spread to other organs. Breast, kidney, liver, gastrointestinal tract, testes, prostate, female genital tract, and thyroid cancers, as well as sarcomas of bone and soft tissues, can all cause substantial metastases in the lungs.